TheDose

C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate

Also known as Finsolv TN, C12-15 alkyl benzoate, alkyl benzoate (C12-15)

CIRPubMed

Safe

CIR Expert Panel says: safe as used in cosmetics.”

C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE (CAS 68411-27-8; trade name Finsolv TN) is a UVCB mixture of benzoic acid esters with C12–C15 fatty alcohols. The CIR Expert Panel assessed alkyl benzoates as a group (IJT 31(6 Suppl):342S-372S, 2012; PMID 23283706) and found them safe in present practices of use and concentration, with no evidence of genotoxicity or carcinogenicity, yielding a clean Finding=S (no qualifying conditions) in the QRT. A 2025 human skin in vitro dermal absorption study (PMID 40504031) found absorbed dose of C12 alkyl benzoate to be low (~2.97%), with complete metabolic conversion within the skin to benzoic acid and aliphatic alcohols — supporting a favorable dermal safety profile and alignment with REACH principles for reducing animal testing. No comedogenicity flag is documented for C12-15 alkyl benzoate in peer literature (contrasting with the isopropyl ester sub-series), consistent with its dry-feel, non-occlusive emollient profile.


Clean Finding=S (Safe, no conditions) from CIR 2012 group assessment — no concentration restrictions required

Lightweight, non-greasy emollient with excellent spreadability and dry-touch skin feel; widely used as an alternative to silicones and heavy mineral oils

Low dermal absorption (~2.97% absorbed dose in human skin in vitro, Dawick et al. 2025) supports favorable systemic exposure profile

No documented comedogenicity concern in peer literature, suitable for acne-prone formulations where heavier esters (e.g., isopropyl myristate) are avoided


Concerns

Metabolizes in skin to benzoic acid (>93% of absorbed dose per Dawick et al. 2025, PMID 40504031); benzoic acid is a known mild skin sensitizer at high concentrations, though systemic exposure from dermal route is low given the small absorbed dose (~2.97%)


CIR Expert Panel
Approved
[1]
CIR Expert Panel · Jul 1, 2018Live

CIR Quick Reference Table (12/2017, revised 07/2018) — C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE row: Finding=S, Citation=IJT 31(3):342-372 (2012)

C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate | S | | IJT 31(3):342-372 (2012)QRT-122017revised072018.pdf, p. 16
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[2]
Peer-reviewed (PubMed) · Nov 1, 2012

Safety assessment of alkyl benzoates as used in cosmetics (Becker et al., Int J Toxicol, 2012, PMID 23283706)

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[3]
Peer-reviewed (PubMed) · Sep 1, 2025

Dermal absorption and metabolism of [14C]-C12 alkyl benzoate in Finsolv TN in human skin in vitro (Dawick et al., Toxicol Sci, 2025, PMID…

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Sources
3
PubMed citations
2
Evidence quality
moderate
Last verified
Re-reviewed when a new CIR / SCCS opinion publishes.