TheDose

Diisostearyl Malate

Also known as diisostearyl malate, di-isostearyl malate, bis(isostearyl) malate

CIRPubMed

Safe

CIR Expert Panel says: safe as used in cosmetics.”

Diisostearyl malate is a diester of isostearyl alcohol and malic acid used primarily as an emollient and gloss agent in lip products. The CIR Expert Panel (2015) assessed six dialkyl malates and found them safe at current practices of use and concentration. Two case reports document contact sensitization from diisostearyl malate in lipstick, with the Hayakawa 1987 study implicating isostearyl alcohol impurities in the malate as the true sensitizer rather than the ester itself.


Non-irritating, non-sensitizing emollient with excellent gloss and lip-feel properties

Provides sheen, spreadability, and skin-conditioning in lip products and color cosmetics

High lipophilicity (logP ~17) limits dermal penetration; metabolic hydrolysis yields malic acid and isostearyl alcohol, both of established safety


Concerns
  • · Primarily used in lip products at high concentrations; impurity profile of commercial-grade material may vary by supplier

Case reports of allergic contact cheilitis attributed to diisostearyl malate in lipstick; Hayakawa et al. (1987, PMID 3595121) found impurities (branched C18 aliphatic compounds with primary alcohol groups) in the diisostearyl malate material were the likely sensitizing agents rather than the pure ester


CIR Expert Panel
Approved
[1]
CIR Expert Panel · Jul 1, 2018Archived

CIR Quick Reference Table (12/2017, revised 07/2018) — DIISOSTEARYL MALATE row: Finding=S, Citation=IJT 34(S1): 5-17, 2015

Diisostearyl Malate | S | | IJT 34(S1): 5-17, 2015QRT-122017revised072018.pdf, p. 44
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[2]
Peer-reviewed (PubMed) · Jul 1, 2015

Safety Assessment of Dialkyl Malates as Used in Cosmetics (Becker et al., Int J Toxicol, 2015)

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[3]
Peer-reviewed (PubMed) · Jun 1, 2001

Allergic contact cheilitis from di-isostearyl malate in lipstick (Guin, Contact Dermatitis, 2001)

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[4]
Peer-reviewed (PubMed) · Apr 1, 1987

Lipstick dermatitis due to C18 aliphatic compounds (Hayakawa et al., Contact Dermatitis, 1987)

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Sources
4
PubMed citations
3
Evidence quality
moderate
Last verified
Re-reviewed when a new CIR / SCCS opinion publishes.